Thursday, January 30, 2020
Ecological Concepts Essay Example for Free
Ecological Concepts Essay Ecology is the study of the relationship of between organisms and their environment, including both the living and nonliving compounds. Some of the ecological concepts include succession, energy flow between trophic levels, limiting factors, and carrying capacity. First, succession is a change in species structure of an ecological community over time. Over time species in the community become more and more abundant and may not be present at all one day. Also, sometimes new species might invade the community from nearby ecosystem. Ecologic successions occur as a result of drastic change in the environment or species inability to reproduce or grow in a particular environment. There are two types of successions primary and secondary. Primary succession is when an area that was not occupied previously is occupied by a new community. Secondary succession starts where natural vegetation is disrupted by humans, animals, or natural forces. Examples of ecological succession are fires, wind storms, floods, earthquakes, tornados, and forest fires. Energy flow between trophic levels is another ecological concept. Trophic levels are the feeding position in a food chain. This food chain involves primary producers, herbivores, primary carnivores, and more. Plants are producers and in the first trophic level, herbivores form the second level, and carnivores from third and fourth trophic levels. As only small amount of energy is transferred to the higher level there are fewer organisms in higher levels. Limiting factors is the third ecological concept. Limiting factors limit populations from growing any larger than they already are. There are two types of limiting factors Abiotic and biotic. Abiotic factors are nonliving components that affect living organisms and biotic factors are living components. For example 50 foxes can live in an environment that has enough food, water, and space for 60 foxes, but no more than 60 foxes could live there. Lastly, carrying capacity is one the ecological concepts and is the population size of the species one environment can support. Food, water, habitat, and space are the factors that affect carrying capacity. For xample environment could have enough water for the community but not have enough space or food. Best example of carrying capacity is predator-prey relationship. For example in the Isle Royale National Park moose would overgraze the vegetation if wolves did not eat them, and without moose wolves would starve. Overall, these ecological concepts help up understand relationships between one species to another and to the environment they all live in. Also these concepts show how might changes in the environment affect species that live in it.
Wednesday, January 22, 2020
samsung in china :: essays research papers
Environmental Analysis External Environment Chinese Market -     still socialist economy „ »Ã‚     huge gap between the stated plans and the actual ability of government to manage and control the economy „ »Ã‚     tremendous amount of economic interaction took place outside the government ¡Ã‚ ¦s formal economic plan -     many smugglings and piracies -     regional blockades -     over-employment problem Chinese color TV Market -     full production capacity in demand „ »Ã‚     principal battleground -     high competition „ »Ã‚     Japanese firms: high-end market. Increasing production bases „ »Ã‚     Domestic Firms: low-end market. But they were less competitive in large screen TV. -     small color TV market was shrinking „ »Ã‚     large market size of these product lines facilitated the fast achievement of cost reduction(economy of the scale, learning effect) Consumer analysis -     only 41% of households had color TV „ »Ã‚     80% of urban, 28% of rural „ »Ã‚     Low-end market is not a viable long-term. But overall market was still expanding. -     Buying power: expanding both high-ends and low-ends -     Tendency that first image of a product lasted long in the eyes of the consumer. „ »Ã‚     the reason for differentiation needed focusing on high-ends -     consumer preference „ »Ã‚     Urban- brand name, functionality were important factors. „ »Ã‚     Rural- reasonable quality and low price were preferred. -     High protected market: too much tariff cost „ »Ã‚     localization needed Domestic (Korean) Market -     Deteriorating of competitive advantage: rising the labor cost -     Korean government policy: supportive of big business „ »Ã‚     getting worse of Korean market „ »Ã‚     Losing the M/S in the U.S. and no longer competitive in the low-end product „ »Ã‚     need to change the strategy focusing on high-end, high-tech -     Liberalization of Korean market „ »Ã‚     Foreign firms were permitted to sell their product directly „ »Ã‚     More competitive in Domestic market, losing the domestic M/S „ »Ã‚     Samsung had to expand the foreign market. Internal Environment Experience in the U.S. -     Set up the subsidiary there in 1979 -     Focusing on the low-end market segment based on competitive labor cost in Korea because of large demand and low competition base, and low barrier in the U.S. -     Samsung produced a few of the most popular sizes TV for cost reduction through economies of scale and the experience curve. -     Dual brand policy: adopting  ¡Ã‚ §buyer brand name(large retailers or OEM) ¡Ã‚ ¨ mostly but trying to build its own brand image -     Establishing a production subsidiary in the U.S. because of trade barrier -     Policy of Japanese firms: targeting high-ends for differentiation through brand name recognition „ »Ã‚     Matsushita: 4% of M/S in 1995 but could be high-price, higher profit -     Policy of Samsung: still pricing strategy even though it had good quality of product „ »Ã‚     3% of M/S, but much less profit than Matsushita and facing intense competition -     Importance of TV industry to Samsung: second proportion of Samsung electronics „ »Ã‚     It was getting worse in situation of Samsung electronics, so needed some way to solve these problems Market participation in China -     later market entering than Japanese firms -     The establishment of SCH would enhance its image in China and speed up the accumulation of local knowledge of the market.
Tuesday, January 14, 2020
Another Look Back, and a Look Ahead
Imagine the impact technological innovations have had on society? How much did technology influence society a decade ago, and how much does it influence society now? Technology was created from humans to become a more efficient specie. Although technology has advanced society with respect to technology and efficiency, it has also created problems not previously seen because of the use of technology. Edward Tenner, a writer and technology consultant, wrote an article titled â€Å"Another Look Back, and a Look Ahead†published in 1996. In his article Tenner argues, through the use of the rhetorical appeal ethos, compare and contrast, and cause and effect, that society is advancing at an alarming rate and suggests a â€Å"retreating from intensity†(Tenner 78) in order to allow society to slow its progression and accustom itself to new technology. Tenner uses his credibility as an exceptional writer to appeal to audiences and inform them about the subject in his article. Throughout the article, Tenner uses an extensive vocabulary and shows fluency in his writing. In the sentence, â€Å"The prognosis for revenge effects is hopeful†¦by replacing brute force with finesse†(Tenner 60), Tenner shows his expertise by using collegial writing skills and even introduces a term he created, â€Å"revenge effects†. He is well informed about what he is talking about and never leaves the reader guessing what he is trying to say. The fact that he was formerly employed as the science editor at the Princeton University Press makes him an even more credible source. When Tenner talks about â€Å"the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588†(Tenner 63), it demonstrates to the reader he is educated and increases ethos. By the end of the article, Tenner has effectively made his case for society to slow its technological progression. Aside from using ethos in his article, Tenner uses compare and contrast to show his audience how technology has changed over time. Tenner provides many examples to show how they compare and contrast from now and the past. He talks about the sinking of the Titanic becoming a signal event, â€Å"one that reveals an ominous and previously underestimated kind of danger†(Tenner 64). At the time the Titanic was the biggest technological innovation to start the twentieth century. Ship engineers have become more aware of the dangers the ocean presents ships. Although in comparison ships might be of the same size and provide the same transportation over waters, its comparison shows they have evolved. â€Å"The higher potential speed of steamships requires more rather than less care. The larger number of passengers and crew required more careful drills and inspection of equipment†(Tenner 65). The speed of ships has significantly changed over time as well as the technology of ship engines which allow for them to reach significant speeds. Through these advances one could argue it has created an efficiency of allowing people to travel much faster, however Tenner reminds them of the â€Å"revenge effects†these innovations create. Today much more safety regulations are used than in the past, this is due to the new dangers technology creates. Another example Tenner uses is the comparison and contrast of transportation over time. Humans created the automobile to become more efficient and make travel and transportation much faster throughout the world. â€Å"Nearly every passenger journey or freight shipment began and ended with a horse-drawn vehicle or a horse†(Tenner 67). Due to technological innovations and Henry Ford’s assembly line, motor vehicles were created not only to suit the rich but for all society to enjoy. Through this progression people were not limited to where they could travel and the time it took to get there. People could take regular jobs that were far from home rather than having to move to accommodate their needs. Roads and freeways soon followed with the increase of automobile use. â€Å"The greatest surprise of motoring was the speed at which traffic clogged the roads, including freeways and other limited-access highways built to relieve congestion†(Tenner 70). Tenner compares the use of transportation over time, demonstrating that although it has made transportation much faster, it has created â€Å"revenge effects†such as traffic and congestion, things that before the technological innovation were never seen. Examples such as these have led Tenner to advise society to fix problems that new technologies bring not by creating new technologies to solve the problem, but by slowing down and addressing the problem itself, not a quick fix. Comparing and contrasting the impact technology has had on society effectively illustrate Tenner’s main argument, but through the use of cause and effect the audience can relate and understand how Tenner formed his thesis. In the text Tenner provides many cause and effect examples. An example Tenner uses is the effects that are created because of industrial carbon dioxide emissions. Industries that create carbon dioxide allow for many benefits such as electricity and transportation, but they are also responsible for warming the earth’s temperatures, â€Å"global warming†. â€Å"The increasing cultivation of the earth would bring about higher temperatures and eventually a melting of the polar icecap†(Tenner 76). Another cause/effect example Tenner uses is â€Å"strict directives on meat radiation after the Chernobyl meltdown of 1986 destroyed the Lapp reindeer-meat economy†(Tenner 76). A catastrophic event in Chernobyl created a lasting effect on the economy. Tenner argues that these technologies have many lasting effects, known as â€Å"revenge effects†. From beginning to end, Tenner’s article urges the reader to draw back from such a rapid progression of technology. Tenner argues, through the use of the rhetorical appeal ethos, compare and contrast, and cause and effect, technological innovation instead of creating efficiency create â€Å"revenge effects†which create more problems for society. Tenner suggests that society recoil its progression of technology, not forever, but until accustomed to the use of new technologies. Tenner’s argument in the article opens many readers eyes as to the real problems they choose to ignore due to technological innovation. This issue is relevant and provides a subject that all people can identify with. Technologies are all around society and the impact it has is colossal. Whatever your side of the argument for technologies and society may be, the reality Tenner presents reveal a need to retreat from intensive technological progression.
Monday, January 6, 2020
Marriage in Seventeenth-Century England the Woman’s Story
Marriage in Seventeenth-Century England: The Woman’s Story Alice Brabcovà ¡ University of West Bohemia, Plzeň The seventeenth century represents a fascinating period of English history, drawing the attention of whole generations of historians. This turbulent age saw three major events that had a deep impact on England’ s political as well as social lifeâ€â€the English Revolution, the Restoration of the Stuarts in 1660 and the Glorious Revolution in 1688. Amidst the turmoil of the events, people’s everyday lives unfolded. While it was men’s preoccupation to keep the country’s political and economic affairs going, women had an indispensable, though far less public, part to play. This paper aims at providing an outline of the†¦show more content†¦Generally speaking, the poorer a girl was, the greater freedom she had in choosing her future husband. But even the children of the poor were expected to ask their parents for their blessing, though money had a small part to play here. There were several criteria which decided whether a match was ‘appropriate’. Contemporary moralists recommend that the couple should be of similar age, background, financial circumstances and religious beliefs. Concord in manners and interests was beneficial as well. The husband and wife should like and respect each otherâ€â€even love each otherâ€â€but they should beware of mere sexual fascination and look for inner qualities. The widespread opinion was that love came after the wedding. An example of such a marriage was the relationship of the Puritan leader Oliver Cromwell with his wife Elizabeth. Though the two people married out of prudence, not love, in the course of time they developed a deep and enduring bond; thus, in one of her letters, Elizabeth writes to her husband, ‘Truly my life is but half a life in your absence’ (Carlyle 1888: 247). The key quality in a woman was an ability to run the household efficiently. This was frequently the chief consideration for a man in his choice of a wife, especially in poorer families. A ‘helpmate’ was a term that the Puritans liked to use when referring to a good wife. Does this mean, however, that romantic love played noShow MoreRelatedThe And Social Perception Of Witches980 Words  | 4 PagesFor the fifty years preceding this document, England was plagued with political unrest in the ascension of James I, and his belief in the divine right of Kings. His rise to the throne saw him bring the trials and tribulations of witchcraft and witch-hunting from Scotland, and enforce a 1604 prohibition of conjuring magic. The emergence of this pamphlet in 1645 came about in the early years of the English Civil War, a time that saw an increase in the witch-hunts undertaken by self-proclaimed hunterRead MoreGender Roles In Colonial America1346 Words  | 6 PagesAmerican women during the seventeen and eighteenth century. The different regions, Chesapeake and New England, demonstrates how the lives of white women differ from one another. While white women in both regions were free women in society, they still encountered differences in gender roles and wealth. White women in the seventeenth-century Chesapeake struggled most widely with social wealth. Berkin reconstructs a struggle with social wealth with the story of a young girl named Mary. When Mary’s fatherRead MoreGender Roles During Modern Europe1485 Words  | 6 Pageswere framed by Christian beliefs, spread though the Bible, the preaching of church authorities, and contemporary religious writings and art. Olwen Hufton in his book, The Prospect Before Her: a History of Women in Western Europe, asserts the creation story of the Bible as the â€Å"foundation text for western European ideas on the essence of womanhood.†Eve’s actions characterized womanhood into the modern period: the woman as a temptress or proxy of the De vil, the gossiping and babbling woman, and as theRead More Inconsistent Roles Essay2001 Words  | 9 Pageslives but religion and economics also played a massive role. These roles however were constantly changing and often contradicting. Since there is numerous factors that contributed to the shaping of women’s private and public roles in the seventeenth and eighteenth century it is impossible to categories all colonial woman in one group. Some historians refer to this period as the golden age of women; however, I tend to see this period as oppressive, with only few examples of women exercising social andRead MoreThe Sexuality And Gender Roles3333 Words  | 14 Pagesbeing male or female as expressed by social or cultural distinctions and differences, rather than biological ones. It is vital to gain an understanding of the perceptions of sexuality and gender roles in the seventeenth century and then to analyse them closely throughout the eighteenth century to see how t hey gradually changed. Helping me to respond to the subject I will be considering the vicissitudes of: the rise in pornographic literature, the change in biological acuities, the hardening of genderRead More Comparing Sexuality and Power in Dracula and Buffy the Vampire Slayer1657 Words  | 7 Pagesits third season, bears little resemblance to the book which started the vampire craze -- Bram Stokers Dracula, published a century earlier. And yet, looks can be deceiving. Although the trendy -- and often skimpy -- clothing and bandied about pop-culture references of Buffy clearly mark the series as a product of a far different culture than that of the Victorian England of Dracula, the underlying tensions of the two texts are far similar than one might think. Beneath the surface differences inRead MoreThe Social Orders Of Europe2392 Words  | 10 PagesNew England became a new start for the people of Europe who had crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Opportunities blossomed everywhere on e looked; whether it was new items of trade or the entire land itself, waiting to be discovered. However, as people began to settle into their new home, one thing was certain: the social orders of Europe had traveled with them. Women were meant to stay home and men were meant to work. Women had little involvement in the choices made for their well being, and were requiredRead MoreEssay on Gender, Language and Silence in The Tragedy of Mariam2296 Words  | 10 PagesElizabeths Carys desire to develop a platform from which women can speak, thereby offering a fuller understanding of women as individuals. By examining issues of public and private language, Cary shows her interest in female voices. As an early-17th-century female playwright, Cary was described by the Earl of Clarendon as `a lady of a most masculine understanding, allayed with the passions and infirmities of her own sex. This description could be interpreted as a complement to Cary, although the EarlRead MoreHamlet, B y William Shakespeare2824 Words  | 12 PagesDuring the time of Shakespeare, women had a limited role within society. Even though a female monarch ruled England, women had no control over their own lives, and females were completely dominated by a patriarchal society. Ophelia’s role in Hamlet, written by Shakespeare in 1603 was a perfect example of a female who, despite her own feelings and desires, had to adhere to society’s construction of a submissive female. Her love for Hamlet ultimately was the reason for her destruction, because itRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night3153 Words  | 13 Pagesthe social fabric of Renaissance England†. While Catherine Belsey and Phyliss Rackin argued first that stage illusion radically subverted the gender division of the Elizabethan world, new historicists like Stephen Greenblatt and Howard have more recently made claims that the Globe operated as a universe in itself, a place where comedy and theatre and b reaking rules was acceptable, and had little to no effect on the diminishing power of women in Renaissance England. Shakespeare’s strongly feminist
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)